JAVA实现邮件发送方式

1、使用jdk自带的api来实现邮件发送,即JavaMail Api来实现发送,通过里面的Transport.send()发送,其中session用于权限认证,具体实现

用java发邮件,必须要导入新的包

mail.jar – 发邮件的核心包

activation.jar – 对用户和密码加密.

在mail.jar中有三个核心类:

Javax.mail.Session – 是指与邮件服务器会话。整个项目中只要一个就可以了.

Javax.mail.Message(接口) – 准备发送数据信息。

MimeMessage - 可以设置类型的数据信息。

Transport – 它拥有一个方法可以发送Message。

@Test public void sendMail() throws Exception{ //1,声明properties对象放信息 Properties props = new Properties(); //设置连接哪一台服务器 props.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.163.com"); //设置是否认证: props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); //2,声明用户名和密码 Authenticator auth = new Authenticator(){ //返回用户名和密码对象 @Override protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { PasswordAuthentication pa = new PasswordAuthentication("[email protected]", "123456"); return pa; } }; //3,获取session对象 Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, auth); //设置session为调试模式 session.setDebug(true); //4,声明信息 MimeMessage mm1 = new MimeMessage(session); //5,设置发件人信息 Address form = new InternetAddress("[email protected]"); mm1.setFrom(form); //6,设置收件人 ,RecipientType:发送,抄送,密送 类型 mm1.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress("[email protected]")); //mm1.setRecipient(RecipientType.CC, new InternetAddress(""));//抄送 //7,设置主题 mm1.setSubject("拉面学习通知"); String cont = "请点击 <a href='http://www.fsy158.com/news/31_207'>官网新闻</a>查看祝您发财"; mm1.setContent(cont, "text/html;charset=UTF-8"); //8,发送 Transport.send(mm1); }

其中的mimeType可是text/plain纯文本。

发送附件:

@Test public void sendMailWithFile() throws Exception{ Properties ps = new Properties(); ps.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.163.com"); ps.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); Authenticator auth = new Authenticator(){ @Override protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { return new PasswordAuthentication("[email protected]","xxx."); } }; Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(ps, auth); session.setDebug(true); MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session); Address address = new InternetAddress("[email protected]"); msg.setFrom(address); //发送给 msg.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress("[email protected]")); msg.setRecipient(RecipientType.BCC, new InternetAddress("[email protected]"));//密送 msg.setRecipient(RecipientType.CC, new InternetAddress("[email protected]"));//抄送 msg.setSubject("$激情小视频*免费观看"); //声明多部件处理 MimeMultipart mm = new MimeMultipart(); MimeBodyPart body1 = new MimeBodyPart(); //设置附件 DataSource ds1 = new FileDataSource(new File("./img/a.jpg")); DataHandler dh1 = new DataHandler(ds1); body1.setDataHandler(dh1); //必须设置名称 body1.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText("美女.jpg")); MimeBodyPart body2 = new MimeBodyPart(); DataSource ds2 = new FileDataSource(new File("./img/b.jpg")); DataHandler dh2 = new DataHandler(ds2); body2.setDataHandler(dh2); body2.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText("美女2.jpg")); MimeBodyPart body3 = new MimeBodyPart(); DataSource ds3 = new FileDataSource(new File("./img/m.mp3")); DataHandler dh3 = new DataHandler(ds3); body3.setDataHandler(dh3); body3.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText("小电影.mp3")); //添加body到mm mm.addBodyPart(body1); mm.addBodyPart(body2); mm.addBodyPart(body3); msg.setContent(mm); //设置发送日期 Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance(); c.add(Calendar.DATE, -5); msg.setSentDate(c.getTime()); //发送 Transport.send(msg); } 

可以继续添加MimeBodyPart 来设置正文

MimeBodyPart htmlPart = new MimeBodyPart();String cont = "请点击 <a href='http://www.fsy158.com/news/31_207'>官网新闻</a>查看祝您发财";htmlPart.setContent(cont, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");

mm.addBodyPart(htmlPart);

2、通过spring自带的JavaMailSender来实现,JavaMailSender其实就是对JavaMail进行封装而来的,通过javaMailSender.send()发送。具体实现

1. maven依赖在pom.xml中添加如下依赖:

<springframework.version>4.3.6.RELEASE

org.springframework

spring-core

${springframework.version}

org.springframework

spring-context

${springframework.version}

org.springframework

spring-context-support

${springframework.version}

org.springframework

spring-beans

${springframework.version}

javax.mail

mail

1.4.72.applicationContext.xmlapplicationContext.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>


3.测试代码import com.sun.xml.internal.messaging.saaj.packaging.mime.internet.MimeUtility;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class JavaMailSenderTest {

@Autowired
private JavaMailSender javaMailSender;

@Test
public void testSimpleTextMail(){ //发送普通文本邮件

SimpleMailMessage mailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
mailMessage.setFrom("FX_SKY");// 发送者,可选的
mailMessage.setTo("[email protected]");//接受者
mailMessage.setSubject("测试邮件");//主题
mailMessage.setText("Test Email send by javaMailSender!");//邮件内容

javaMailSender.send(mailMessage);
}

@Test
public void testMimeMail() throws Exception { //发送HTML格式的邮件

MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
helper.setFrom("FX_SKY");
helper.setTo("[email protected]");
helper.setSubject("主题:嵌入静态资源");
helper.setText("", true);

javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}

@Test
public void testMimeInlineMail() throws Exception { //发送HTML格式含图片的邮件

MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
helper.setFrom("FX_SKY");
helper.setTo("[email protected]");
helper.setSubject("主题:嵌入静态资源");
helper.setText("", true);
FileSystemResource logoFile = new FileSystemResource(new File("logo.jpg"));
helper.addInline("logo", logoFile);

javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}

@Test
public void testAttachmentMail() throws Exception { //发送含附件的邮件

MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();

MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);// 第二个参数设置为true,表示允许添加附件
helper.setFrom("FX_SKY");
helper.setTo("[email protected]");
helper.setSubject("发送含图片附件的邮件");
helper.setText("含有附件的邮件");

helper.addAttachment(MimeUtility.encodeText("附件-1.jpg"), new File("E:/attachment1.jpg"));
helper.addAttachment(MimeUtility.encodeText("附件-2.jpg"), new File("E:/attachment2.jpg"));

javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}
}
模板邮件通常我们使用邮件发送服务的时候,都会有一些固定的场景,比如重置密码、注册确认等,给每个用户发送的内容可能只有小部分是变化的。所以,很多时候我们会使用模板引擎来为各类邮件设置成模板,这样我们只需要在发送时去替换变化部分的参数即可。

Java中常用的模板引擎有FreeMarkerVelocity,下面我们以Velocity为例做演示。

pom.xml 引入velocity 依赖:

org.apache.velocity

velocity

1.7

org.apache.velocity

velocity-tools

2.0

在resources/templates/ 目录下,创建一个模板页面mail.vm:

最后,我们在单元测试中加入发送模板邮件的测试用例,代码如下: @Test
public void testSendTemplateMail() throws Exception {
MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
helper.setFrom("FX_SKY");
helper.setTo("[email protected]");
helper.setSubject("主题:模板邮件");

VelocityContext context = new VelocityContext();
context.put("username", "Velocity");
context.put("activation_url", "http://www.baidu.com");
Template template = ve.getTemplate("templates/mail.vm");
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
template.merge(context, sw);

String text = sw.toString();
helper.setText(text, true);
mailSender.send(mimeMessage);

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